Small landlord exemptions from just-cause eviction and rent control laws
Maryland splits the question of small-landlord treatment along a county line, and where your building sits decides almost everything. There is no statewide just-cause eviction law in Maryland — month-to-month tenancies end on standard notice under Md. Code RE §8-402, currently a 60-day notice for month-to-month terms, with no requirement that you state a qualifying reason. Rent control exists only locally, in Montgomery County and Prince George's County, and both of those rent stabilization ordinances carve out owner-occupied buildings with two units or fewer.
The practical verdict: a Maryland landlord who lives in their own duplex is exempt from local rent caps even inside Montgomery or Prince George's County, and every landlord outside those two counties faces no rent cap at all. What never goes away — at any portfolio size, in any county — are the state's habitability, anti-retaliation, and fair housing duties, covered below.
The term "mom-and-pop landlord" typically refers to an individual or family that owns a small number of residential rental units, often 1 to 4, and frequently lives in or near the property. In states with tenant-protection legislation, the legislature has carved out exemptions recognizing that small landlords operate differently from large institutional property managers.
Because Maryland has active just-cause or rent-control legislation, small landlords must understand whether they qualify for an exemption, and structure their ownership accordingly to preserve that protection.
Maryland's exemption is narrower than it first sounds, so map your situation carefully. The carve-out lives inside the Montgomery County and Prince George's County rent stabilization ordinances — the only two jurisdictions in the state with rent caps. Both exempt owner-occupied buildings with two units or fewer. That produces three distinct positions:
Note the owner-occupancy requirement: a non-resident owner of a PG County duplex gets no carve-out. The exemption follows where you sleep, not just how many units you hold.
Unlike states that require a statutory reason to end a tenancy, Maryland lets a landlord of any size decline to renew or terminate a month-to-month tenancy on proper notice alone. Under Md. Code RE §8-402, a month-to-month tenancy ends on a 60-day notice — no just-cause showing, no relocation payment, no unit-count test, because the statute never distinguishes a 2-unit owner from a 2,000-unit REIT. That makes Maryland's baseline landlord-friendly on terminations even though its overall regulatory reputation runs tenant-protective.
Rent is the same story outside Montgomery and Prince George's counties: no cap, no mandated increase schedule. Against an average rent of about $1,615 statewide, that means a Baltimore County or Frederick landlord prices to market, while a non-owner-occupant landlord in Silver Spring or Hyattsville must clear the county stabilization rules first. Two counties, two very different rulebooks — and county boundaries, not portfolio size, draw most of the line.
None of Maryland's core tenant protections contains a small-landlord exception, and treating your duplex casually is where mom-and-pop owners get hurt:
First, classify yourself using the county test above — everything downstream depends on it. If you are outside Montgomery and Prince George's counties, or owner-occupied at two units or fewer inside them, your compliance burden centers on process, not caps.
This page was researched and written by the Eviction Risk Map research team based on Md. Code RE §8-402 and the landlord-tenant provisions of Md. Real Prop. § 8, including § 8-211 (habitability) and § 8-208.1 (retaliation), together with the Montgomery County and Prince George's County rent stabilization ordinances. Last reviewed July 2026. This material is general information for small residential landlords, not legal advice; consult a Maryland landlord-tenant attorney before acting on a specific tenancy.
There is no statewide just-cause law in Maryland for any landlord, so there is nothing to be exempt from at the state level. A month-to-month tenancy ends on standard notice under Md. Code RE §8-402 — 60 days for month-to-month terms — without a stated reason, whether you own one duplex or a hundred buildings.
In most of the state, yes — Maryland has no statewide rent cap, and the average rent statewide is about $1,615. The exceptions are Montgomery County and Prince George's County, which have local rent stabilization ordinances. Even there, owner-occupied buildings with two units or fewer are exempt. A non-owner-occupied rental in those two counties must follow the county's stabilization rules.
The habitability framework in Md. Real Prop. § 8-211, the anti-retaliation protections in Md. Real Prop. § 8-208.1, and fair housing law all apply with no unit-count minimum. Maryland sets no statewide entry-notice hour requirement, so your lease's entry clause governs — but the repair, retaliation, and discrimination rules never scale away with portfolio size.
It matters in exactly two places: Montgomery County and Prince George's County, where the local rent stabilization ordinances exempt owner-occupied buildings with two units or fewer. Live in your own duplex there and the county rent cap does not apply to you. Elsewhere in Maryland there is no rent cap regardless, so owner-occupancy carries no special rent-regulation significance — though your § 8-211 repair duties to the tenant in your other unit remain unchanged.
Data sourced from Md. Code RE §8-402. Eviction notice data from Md. Code, Real Prop. § 8-402. Last updated July 14, 2026. For informational purposes only, not legal advice.
