Maximum deposit, return deadlines, and interest rules under Va. Code § 55.1-1245
Under Va. Code § 55.1-1226, landlords in Virginia may collect a security deposit of no more than 2.00 months' rent. At the statewide median gross rent of $1,427/month, that cap works out to approximately $2,855. The deposit must be returned within 45 days after the tenancy ends, together with a written, itemized list of any deductions.
| Rule | Requirement | Source |
|---|---|---|
| Maximum deposit | 2.00 months' rent | Va. Code § 55.1-1226 |
| Return deadline | 45 days after move-out | Va. Code § 55.1-1245 |
| Itemized statement required | Yes — for all deductions | Va. Code § 55.1-1245 |
| Interest required | Yes | Va. Code § 55.1-1245 |
| Nonpayment notice period | 5 days pay-or-quit | Va. Code § 55.1-1245 |
Landlords in Virginia may lawfully deduct from the security deposit for: unpaid rent, damage to the unit beyond normal wear and tear, required professional cleaning not performed by the tenant, and unreturned keys or access devices. Deductions for ordinary wear and tear — scuff marks, minor carpet wear, faded paint — are generally not permitted under Virginia law.
Tenants who do not receive their deposit (or an itemized statement) by the deadline may be entitled to penalties — sometimes double or triple the withheld amount — plus attorney fees. Courts take deposit violations seriously; failure to provide an itemized list within the statutory period often forfeits the landlord's right to make any deductions at all.
A high security deposit limit can increase tenant financial barriers at move-in, contributing to housing instability and higher eviction rates. Virginia's 2.00x-month cap is one factor in our overall landlord risk score for the state. Cities with the highest median rents — and therefore the largest absolute deposit amounts — in Virginia include:
Under Va. Code § 55.1-1226, landlords in Virginia may not charge more than 2.00 months' rent as a security deposit. Based on the state's median gross rent, that is approximately $2,855.
Landlords in Virginia must return the security deposit within 45 days after the tenant vacates, along with an itemized list of any deductions.
Yes — Virginia law requires landlords to hold security deposits in an interest-bearing account and pay the accrued interest to the tenant upon return of the deposit.
Landlords in Virginia may typically deduct for unpaid rent, damage beyond normal wear and tear, and cleaning costs required to restore the unit to its original condition. They must provide an itemized written list of deductions. Deductions for ordinary wear and tear are generally prohibited.
Data sourced from Virginia published statutes (Va. Code § 55.1-1245), U.S. Census Bureau American Community Survey 2023 5-Year Estimates. Last updated April 29, 2026. This page is for informational purposes only and does not constitute legal advice. Consult a licensed attorney for your specific situation.
