2 incorporated cities and unincorporated areas. The county Eviction Risk Score is held aloft by the city of Brightwood (4.6) and a small number of dense urban cores. Rent-control coverage varies by city.
In 2026
Risk score
3.4
LOW
Ranked #121 of 132 VA counties
2k residents · 2 cities · 4 tracts
1976–2026 · pop-weighted from cities
Madison County eviction risk score history
Min2.2Average3.1Now3.4
197619861996200620162026
Key metrics
Tenant beats landlord
27.1%
/ 100 outcomes
In court-decided eviction outcomes for Madison County, VA, tenants prevail in roughly 27.1% of contested cases. A higher number means landlords face stronger tenant defenses and longer calendars.
Timeline
57d
filing → judgment
From the moment an unlawful-detainer notice is filed in Madison County, VA until a money judgment is entered, a contested eviction takes about 57 days on average. Longer timelines mean more lost rent for landlords.
Cost range
$1.7–6.1k
legal + lost rent
A typical eviction in Madison County, VA costs landlords $1,734 to $6,098 all-in, covering court filing fees, process-server costs, attorney time, and lost rent.
Average rent
$963
20% stretched on rent
Average gross rent in Madison County, VA is $963 per month per the U.S. Census American Community Survey. 20% of renter households here spend more than 30% of pre-tax income on rent.
Renters
13.8%
of households
13.8% of occupied housing units in Madison County, VA are renter-occupied. A higher renter share usually correlates with more eviction filings and a more active rental market.
Poverty
6.8%
4.2% unemp.
6.8% of Madison County, VA residents live below the federal poverty line, and unemployment runs at 4.2%. Both feed the economic-stress sub-score in our Eviction Risk Score model.
Time machine
Scrub 50 years
197619861996200620162026
2026
● LIVE · today◀ REPLAY · historical
Madison County's 3.4/10 (Low) reflects a rural rental market with low renter density, modest rent burden, and a predictable Virginia statutory framework - all factors that suppress eviction risk relative to the state. Ranked 121st of 132 Virginia counties; 120 counties carry higher eviction risk.
How Madison County ranks in Virginia
Lower number means more extreme, where #1 is the most
Eviction Risk Score
Very Low
#121of 132 VA counties3.4 / 10
#121 of 132 counties in Virginia for landlord eviction risk.
Cost of living
Elevated
#16of 51 states (statewide)101.1 index
Virginia ranks #16 of 51 states on overall cost of living (1.1% more expensive than the U.S. avg).
Housing services cost
Elevated
#17of 51 states (statewide)106.8 index
Virginia ranks #17 of 51 states on housing services (6.8% more expensive than the U.S. avg).
Income spent on rent
Very Low
#118of 132 VA counties24.0% of income
#118 of 132 counties in Virginia on % of income spent on rent.
Madison County sits solidly in the Low tier of Virginia eviction laws's eviction-risk spectrum, scoring 4.6/10 and ranking 121st of 132Virginia counties - meaning 120 counties carry higher risk for landlords and just 23 present a more favorable environment. That placement puts Madison firmly in the lower-risk of the state, a position driven largely by the county's small renter base (13.8% of households), a comparatively modest average rent of $963/month, and a poverty rate of 6.8% that gives most tenants room to absorb rent obligations without triggering nonpayment. The county's two tracked communities - Brightwood at 3.2/10 and the county seat of Madison at 4.6/10 - bracket a tight score spread of 3.2 to 4.6, confirming that risk is uniformly contained across the county rather than concentrated in one pocket.
Virginia eviction laws's landlord-tenant framework under Va. Code § 55.1-1200 et seq. governs every lease in Madison County. For nonpayment, landlords serve a 5-day pay-or-quit notice (Va. Code § 55.1-1245); a material lease violation requires a 21-day notice to remedy or vacate (Va. Code § 55.1-1245(A)); a non-curable material breach or a month-to-month termination each require 30 days (Va. Code §§ 55.1-1245(B) and 55.1-1253). After the notice period expires without compliance, the landlord files an Unlawful Detainer in Madison County General District Court. Filing fees run $58 to $90, and uncontested cases typically clear in 21 to 45 days from filing - a timeline that is competitive with most Virginia eviction laws jurisdictions. Contested matters, where the tenant appears and disputes the claim, extend the process to 45 to 120 days. If a writ of possession issues, the Madison County Sheriff executes the lockout for a fee of $40 to $150. Landlords who retain counsel should budget $500 to $3,000 in attorney fees, though many straightforward nonpayment cases in a rural county of this scale are handled pro se or with minimal legal support.
The structural picture in Madison County reinforces the Low-tier rating. With only 13.8% of residents renting - far below the Virginia eviction laws statewide average - the landlord-tenant relationship is less prevalent here than in Northern Virginia eviction laws suburbs or the Hampton eviction risk Roads corridor, and the pool of tenants facing economic stress is correspondingly narrow. An average rent burden of 20.3% (the share of income renters spend on housing) sits well below the 30% threshold that economists treat as a warning sign, meaning a majority of Madison County renters have adequate financial headroom. Virginia eviction laws's statewide preemption of local rent control (no city or county may cap rents), combined with the absence of any just-cause eviction requirement statewide, means Madison County landlords operate under a consistent, predictable framework: follow the statutory notice timelines, file correctly, and the court process moves efficiently. The Virginia eviction laws Fair Housing Office (Va. Code § 55.1-1258 for retaliation; § 55.1-1220 for habitability) provides tenant protections that are standard across the state and do not materially alter Madison County's risk profile relative to peers.
Madison County's 4.6/10 average reflects a rental market where low renter-household density (13.8%) and a 6.8% poverty rate keep default risk contained. The score range of 3.2 to 4.6 across its two communities is among the tightest in Virginia, signaling consistent conditions countywide rather than pockets of elevated exposure.
This analysis of Madison County, Virginia eviction laws was prepared by the Eviction Risk Map research team, drawing on Virginia eviction laws General District Court filing data, ACS renter and income estimates, and the Virginia eviction laws Residential Landlord and Tenant Act (Va. Code § 55.1-1200 et seq.). Statutory notice periods, fees, and timelines are verified against the current code and court fee schedules. For a full explanation of scoring methodology and data sources, see our methodology page.
Eviction filings in Virginia
Eviction Lab Tracking System · statewide · live through 2026-05-01
The Princeton Eviction Lab Tracking System covers Virginia statewide (no county-level tracker available for Madison County). In the past month, 10,534 statewide filings were recorded, 1.07× the historical baseline (near baseline).
10,534Past month (state)
139,873Past 12 months
1.02×vs baseline (12 mo)
Virginia statewide, last 36 months2023-05-01 – 2026-04-01
Notice requirement: at least five days notice (in some cases more). Filing fee: minimum filing fee of $36.
In September 2025, 1 eviction filings were recorded in Madison County, 28.6% of the historical average (below average).2
1Sep 2025
28.6%of historical avg
1,102Renter households
7.0%Poverty rate
Last 24 months of filings2023-05 – 2025-09
Historical eviction filings in Madison County
From 2010 to 2016, eviction filings in Madison County declined 47%.
The peak was 60 filings in 2010.3
602010
60Peak (2010)
322016
Annual filings 2010–2016No filing data published after 2018
Data covers 2000–2018, the full span of the Princeton Eviction Lab's national county court-records dataset.
How Madison County compares
At 3.4/10, Madison County matches or closely trails peer rural Virginia counties including Goochland, Rappahannock, Lancaster, Richmond, and Surry - all of which score in a similarly low range that places them in the lower-risk of the state. The Virginia statewide average stands at 4.3/10; Madison County comes in below that average, confirming its position as one of the more landlord-favorable jurisdictions in the state. The narrow internal spread of 3.2 to 4.6 between Brightwood and the county seat means there is no meaningful intra-county variation to manage - risk is low and consistent throughout.
Peer counties in Virginia
Same state, closest by population and Eviction Risk Score
Madison County scores 3.4/10, placing it in the Low tier and ranking 121st out of 132 Virginia counties. 120 counties in Virginia eviction laws carry higher eviction risk.
Q2
How long does an eviction take in Madison County, VA?
After the statutory notice period (5 days for nonpayment, 21 or 30 days for other violations), an uncontested Unlawful Detainer in Madison County General District Court typically resolves in 21 to 45 days. Contested cases where the tenant appears and disputes the claim can extend to 45 to 120 days.
Q3
What does it cost to file an eviction in Madison County?
Court filing fees in Madison County run $58 to $90. If a writ of possession is granted, the Sheriff's lockout fee is $40 to $150. Attorney fees, if retained, typically range from $500 to $3,000 depending on complexity and whether the case is contested.
Q4
Is there rent control in Madison County, VA?
No. Virginia eviction laws state law preempts any local rent control ordinance, so Madison County - like every other Virginia eviction laws locality - cannot cap rent increases. Landlords may raise rents to market rate with proper notice, and no just-cause requirement applies to lease non-renewals.
Q5
What notice must a landlord give before filing for eviction in Madison County?
Under Va. Code § 55.1-1245, a 5-day pay-or-quit notice is required for nonpayment of rent. Material lease violations require a 21-day notice to remedy under § 55.1-1245(A). Non-curable breaches and month-to-month terminations each require 30 days under §§ 55.1-1245(B) and 55.1-1253.
Q6
How does Madison County compare to neighboring Virginia counties?
Madison County's 3.4/10 places it among the lower-risk of Virginia eviction laws's 132 counties for eviction risk. Peer rural counties - including Rappahannock, Goochland, Lancaster, Richmond eviction risk, and Surry - all score in a comparable low range, reflecting the broadly favorable landlord environment in Virginia eviction laws's smaller, less-dense localities.